Just when it seems the fruit section of produce markets will be barren for the
cold months ahead, exotic winter fruits enter -- and with them, hope. But these
specialty fruits look different from those we know so well, and it's not
always obvious how to eat or cook with them. Here's the lowdown on six of
winter's most delicious: blood oranges, clementines, kumquats, persimmons,
pomegranates, and quinces. Learn how to choose, store, and best enjoy each one.
Once you're more familiar with them, you'll never dread the less bountiful
produce shelves of winter again.
Blood Oranges: Brilliant on the inside
The thin orange and often reddish skin of this fruit doesn't prepare you
for the brilliant color within -- solid or streaked crimson to deep violet.
Somewhat expensive, the blood orange is prized for its bright citrus flavor as
much as for its color. Moro, a variety usually available from December through
March, is less acidic than common oranges, so is also sweeter. Some berry flavor
adds depth and complexity.
A red blush (if any) on the skin does not predict internal color or flavor. The
fruit's skin may be pitted or smooth, and blood oranges are usually smaller
than traditional oranges. They keep refrigerated for 2 to 4 weeks. When cooking
with the blood orange, consider different ways to highlight its beautiful color.
Squeeze the fresh juice, or use the peeled sections as a garnish, for example.
Clementine: The sweet and the tart
The clementine may be the ultimate portable fruit. Unlike naval oranges, they
peel effortlessly, break easily and cleanly into sections, and have no seeds.
Children seem to love the slightly tart, sweet flavor as much as adults do -- they're
perfect for box lunches.
Clementines, like tangerines, are in the Mandarin family of fruits, but clementines
are smaller and juicier. One story has it that the clementine was created in 1902
as a hybrid between a sweet orange and a tangerine, but some believe it to be
identical to an existing Canton Mandarin. Although clementines have a brighter,
zippier flavor than most sweet oranges, you can often use them in recipes calling
for orange sections, saving yourself a lot of work.
Clementines flood the supermarkets in December and January, but their season seems
to start earlier and stretch later every year. They'll keep refrigerated
for a week. The simplest way to enjoy clementines: Peel and eat.
Kumquat: A golden gem
One of the most striking aspects of the kumquat is that the skin is sweet and
the flesh very tart. These beautiful 2-inch oblong fruits are golden orange and
can be served whole or chopped. The juicy fruit has an intense sour-orange flavor,
which is why you'll often see them candied, pickled, or preserved. Kumquats
can thicken sauces while adding a bittersweet note, and are often prepared to
accompany roast meats and game. The name of the fruit comes from its native China,
where kumquat translates as golden orange. While the fruit has been cultivated
in China and Japan for centuries, it is a relative newcomer to the rest of the
world, having graced tables in the United States for only about 150 years.
Kumquats are in season as early as October and as late as June, but they're
most plentiful from December through April. Test with a gentle squeeze, and buy
only firm fruit. Because of their thin skin, kumquats don't keep particularly
well. Store them at room temperature if you'll eat them within a few days;
keep them for up to 2 weeks when refrigerated. You can eat kumquats whole, seeds
included. The piquant flavor is a nice addition to chutneys and marmalades paired
with beef, pork, or chicken. Use them whole and uncooked to garnish holiday platters
and grace ornamental fruit bowls.
Persimmon: Dual identities
Knowing which variety of persimmon you're about to eat is very important.
There are two distinct categories -- astringent and nonastringent. Our Persimmon
and Fennel Salad calls for the Fuyu variety, a nonastringent persimmon shaped
like a tomato. This and all other nonastringent varieties are firm when ripe and
have a sweet-spicy flavor, with notes of banana, plum, and winter squash.
Hachiya persimmons are the most common astringent (or tannic) variety, and must
be soft and ripe when eaten, or they'll make you pucker. Both Hachiyas and
Fuyus are delicious raw. Fuyus can be eaten like apples. Hachiyas are rather messy,
but -- when ripe -- are worth the effort. Cut a Hachiya in half, and eat the
soft fruit right out of the skin.
Look for persimmons from October through December. Fuyus should be crisp, smooth,
and hard, like apples. Avoid ones that are green, broken-skinned, or mushy. Unlike
many other fruits, black marks on the skin don't affect the flesh. Depending
on ripeness, Fuyus keep refrigerated for up to a month. Hachiya persimmons keep
1 to 3 days in the refrigerator.
Pomegranate: Ruby-hued skin and seeds
This ancient fruit changed the course of the Greek goddess Persephone's life
when she ate its seeds. It symbolizes fertility in China, as well as in some Middle
Eastern cultures. Cut one open and you'll understand why pomegranates have
intrigued people for millennia. You'll find hundreds of seeds that are surrounded
by glistening, luminescent ruby-red pulp, which has an intense sweet-tart flavor.
Pomegranates were originally the basis for grenadine syrup, and are still used
to make pomegranate
molasses, a Middle Eastern staple (now available in specialty food stores in the
United States).
Throughout the Middle East, pomegranates are often used to season foods. The juice
makes a wonderfully vibrant syrup when reduced. The seeds provide a tart, crisp
addition to salads and creamy desserts. The flesh that surrounds the seeds, though,
is encased in an inedible, bitter membrane. To remove the seeds intact, cut the
fruit in half and turn the skin inside out.
Pomegranates are available from late August through December. Look for heavy,
large, and richly colored fruit, which yield the most juice and the highest proportion
of pulp to membrane. The skin should be uniform, free of blemishes, thin, and
tough. Refrigerate whole pomegranates for up to 3 months, and freeze the seeds
in an airtight container for up to 3 months. For a colorful bolt of sweet-tart
flavor, sprinkle the seeds on salads, roasts, ice cream, or pies.
Quince: Heavenly fragrance and taste
The quince, long considered an emblem of love, has a heady scent. In fact, leaving
a few quinces out on the table will infuse your home with a wonderful aroma. But
don't let that keep you from cooking with them. Slow cooking yields a pale
apricot-colored, firm-textured fruit that tastes like a cross between an apple
and a pear, with slight pineapple flavors. Quinces are often used in the United
States to make jams and jellies because of their high pectin content, but in much
of the Middle East and northern Africa, quinces are more commonly cooked in stews
and with roasts. They stay firm through long, slow cooking and develop beautiful
color.
Available from September through December, quinces bruise very easily, but can
be kept in the refrigerator for as long as 2 to 3 months. A noticeable perfume
is the best indicator of ripeness. Peel and core them just as you would an apple
or pear.